crossref-it.info - AS/A2 English Literature Study Guides - texts in context.The poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins » Timeline
| Year | Historical | Literary | Hopkins, Gerard Manley |
| 1839 | First Factory Inspector's report | Darwin's The Voyage of the Beagle Carlyle's Chartism Ellis' The Women of England:Their Social Duties and Domestic Habits | |
| 1840 | Penny post begins | ||
| 1841 | Punch begins Peel becomes Prime Minister | ||
| 1842 | Mudie's Lending Library opens Jowett becomes tutor at Balliol College, Oxford Chartist riots. Report on Sanitary Conditions of Labouring Population Illustrated London News begins | ||
| 1843 | Theatre Regulation Act | Ruskin's Modern Painters (vol. 1) Carlyle's Past and Present | |
| 1844 | Co-operative Society founded in Rochdale Factory Act (women and children) Railway mania | Disraeli's Coningsby, or The New Generation published | Hopkins born on 28th July |
| 1845 | John Henry Newman converts to Catholicism Onset of the Irish potato famine Financial speculation in Railways | Disraeli's Sybil, or The Two Nations published | |
| 1846 | Repeal of Corn Laws | ||
| 1847 | Railway reaches Dorchester Ten Hours' Factory Act | Disraeli's Tancred | |
| 1848 | Chartist demonstrations in London Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood founded Cholera epidemic Public Health Act Revolutions in Europe. | Newman's Loss and Gain Marx and Engels' Communist Manifesto | |
| 1849 | Bedford College for Women founded | Charles Kingsley's Alton Locke | |
| 1850 | Roman Catholic hierarchy established Public Libraries Act | ||
| 1851 | Taylor Mill's The Enfranchisement of Women Great Exhibition in London | Ruskin's Stones of Venice | |
| 1852 | Hopkins' family move to Hampstead | ||
| 1853 | Cholera epidemic | Yonge's Heir of Redclyffe | |
| 1854 | Onset of Crimean War | Hopkins attends Highgate Grammar School | |
| 1855 | Repeal of stamp duty on newspapers Daily Telegraph | ||
| 1856 | Crimean War ends | ||
| 1857 | Indian Mutiny Railway extended to Weymouth Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Act | Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species Hughes' Tom Brown's School days Flaubert's Madame Bovary | |
| 1858 | English Woman's Journal begins Ballantyne's Coral Island | ||
| 1859 | Rise of movement for Home Rule in Ireland | Darwin's The Origin of Species published Smiles' Self Help published Mill's On Liberty | |
| 1860 | Cornhill Magazine begins | ||
| 1861 | Death of Prince Consort American Civil War begins | Wood's East Lynne Beeton's Book of Household Management | |
| 1862 | Braddon's Lady Audley's Secret | ||
| 1863 | The Oxford Declaration published | Kingsley's The Water Babies | Hopkins enters Balliol College, Oxford University |
| 1864 | Newman's Apologia Pro Vita Sua | ||
| 1865 | Transatlantic cable laid Women's Suffrage Campaign Completion of St. Pancras' railway station Joseph Lister establishes antiseptic surgery | Arnold's Essays in Criticism | |
| 1866 | Cholera epidemic | Swinburne's Poems and Ballads published | Newman receives Hopkins into the Catholic Church in October |
| 1867 | Fenian Rising in Ireland Second Reform Act | Marx's Das Kapital published George Eliot's Felix Holt, the Radical | |
| 1868 | Hopkins enters the Jesuit order | ||
| 1869 | Opening of Suez Canal Mill's The Subjection of Women | Arnold's Culture and Anarchy Blackmore's Lorna Doone | |
| 1870 | First Married Women's Property Act Education Act: free education in new board schools | Darwin's The Descent of Man published | Studies at Stoneyhurst |
| 1871 | Trade Union Act Darwin's The Descent of Man | ||
| 1872 | MacDonald's The Princess and the Goblin | ||
| 1873 | Pater's Studies in the Renaissance Mill's Autobiography | Hopkins teaches at Roehampton | |
| 1874 | Hopkins studies at St. Bueno's near St. Asaph, North Wales | ||
| 1875 | Gilbert & Sullivan's Trial by Jury | Hopkins writes The Wreck of the Deutschland | |
| 1876 | Invention of telephone by Alexander Graham Bell Queen Victoria named Empress of India | Hardy's The Hand of Ethelberta published | |
| 1877 | Hopkins writes God's Grandeur; The Windhover; Pied Beauty | ||
| 1878 | Gramophones first produced by Thomas Edison Newman made Cardinal | Gilbert and Sullivan's HMS Pinafore Hardy's Return of the Native published | Hopkins teaching at Stonyhurst and London |
| 1879 | Electric lightbulb invented | George Meredith's The Egoist published | Hopkins in Oxford. Writes Binsey Poplars; Duns Scotus' Oxford etc |
| 1880 | (-1881) First Boer War, also known as the Transvaal War | Hardy's The Trumpet Major is published | Hopkins writes Felix Randal. Lives in Liverpool |
| 1881 | First Anglo-Boer War | Hardy's A Laodicean published | |
| 1882 | Married Women's Property Act First commercial production of electricity | Hopkins writes Ribblesdale. Lives in Stonyhurst | |
| 1883 | Fabian Society founded | ||
| 1884 | Ruskin's Storm Cloud of the Nineteenth-Century | Hopkins goes to University College, Dublin as professor | |
| 1885 | Haggard's King Solomon's Mines | Hopkins writes the Terrible Sonnets | |
| 1886 | Hardy's Mayor of Casterbridge | ||
| 1887 | Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee celebrating 50 years of her reign | Haggard's Allan Quartermain | |
| 1888 | Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society Jack the Ripper murders five women in London | Arnold's Essays in Criticism (Second Series) | Hopkins writes That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire |
| 1889 | Newman dies | Hopkins writes Thou Art Indeed Just, Lord; in April contracts typhoid fever, then dies on June 8th | |
| 1890 | Sir James Frazer's The Golden Bough (first two vols; complete 13 vols., -1915) First underground railway in London | William Morris' News from Nowhere | |
| 1891 | Gissing's New Grub Street | ||
| 1892 | Daimlers sell their first motor car | ||
| 1893 | Independent Labour Party formed | ||
| 1895 | Oscar Wilde arrested and imprisoned for homosexuality | Hardy's Jude the Obscure published | |
| 1897 | Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee | ||
| 1899 | Irish Literary Theatre founded ( - 1902) Second Boer War | Wells' Tales of Space and Time Symons' The Symbolist Movement in literature Pinero's Trelawney of the 'Wells' Ibsen's When We Dead Awaken | |
| 1900 | Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams Daily Express founded Most children under eleven attending elementary school | ||
| 1901 | Queen Victoria dies. Edward VII king First transatlantic radio communication by Marconi | Wells' The First Men in the Moon | |
| 1902 | Balfour Education Act establishes state system of secondary schools | Mare's Songs of Childhood Bennett's Anna of the Five towns Kipling's Just So Stories Doyle's The Hound of the Baskervilles | |
| 1903 | New York-London news service begins using wireless telegraphy Wilbur and Orville Wright make first powered flight | Butler's The Way of All Flesh James' The Ambassadors | |
| 1904 | Freud's The Psychopathology of Everyday Life Entente Cordiale settles colonial differences between UK and France Abbey Theatre, Dublin, founded Offset printing invented | James' The Golden Bowl Hardy's The Dynasts, Part I published J.M. Barrie's Peter Pan first performed on stage | |
| 1905 | Start of suffragette agitation and first suffragettes imprisoned Freud's Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality Einstein's special theory of relativity | Wells' Kipps Doyle's The Return of Sherlock Holmes | |
| 1906 | Liberal landslide in general election; 29 Labour MPs elected and Labour Party constituted | Mare's Poems | |
| 1907 | Pablo Picasso introduces cubism | ||
| 1908 | Old Age Pensions Act introduces state pensions for the over-seventies First aeroplane flight in Britain Pathe's first regular newsreel Ford's first Model T car sold in Britain | Bennett's The Old Wives' Tale Edmund Gosse's Father & Son published Wells' The War in the Air | |
| 1909 | North Pole reached by Robert Peary (US) | Pound's Personae Galsworthy's Strife | |
| 1910 | Freud's On Psychoanalysis First feature-length films Edward VII dies. George V becomes king First post-impressionist exhibition in London South Wales Miners' strike | Wells' The History of Mr Polly Galsworthy's Justice | |
| 1911 | Beatrice and Webb's Poverty Ford Model T assembly plant opened in Manchester Roald Amundsen reaches South Pole Frazer's The Golden Bough (11 vols.-1915; first two vols., 1890) Der Blaue Reiter group of expressionist artists formed in Munich | Wells' The New Machiavelli | |
| 1912 | Titanic sinks First Post-Impressionism Exhibition in London Some 400 cinemas in London; establishment of British Board of Film Censors Women's Franchise Bill rejected by the House of Commons; suffragettes riot in London Widespread strikes in Britain | Bridges' Poetical Works Pound's Ripostes Georgian Poetry, ed. Edward Marsh Mare's The Listeners | |
| 1913 | Freud's Totem and Taboo; also Interpretation of Dreams Suffragette Emily Davies dies after throwing herself under the King's horse at the Derby Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring | Marcel Proust publishes first of the seven volumes of A la recherche du temps perdu (Remembrance of Things Past) (last volume, 1927) | |
| 1914 | Irish Home Rule Act passed but later suspended because of war August: Great War breaks out (to November 1918) | Pound's Des Imagistes | |
| 1915 | Sinking of Lusitania Einstein's general theory of relativity Zeppelin attacks on London War intensifies with huge losses | Brooke's 1914 and Other Poems Maugham's Of Human Bondage Kafka's Metamorphosis Buchan's The Thirty-Nine Steps Some's Imagist Poets: An Anthology, ed. Amy Lowell (further Imagist anthologies followed in 1916 and 1917) | |
| 1916 | Theories of shell-shock develop Easter Rising, Dublin Battle of the Somme Conscription introduced Jung's Psychology of the Unconscious | Wells' Mr Britling Sees it Through Brighouse's Hobson's Choice | |
| 1917 | USA enters war Freud's Introduction to Psychoanalysis Russian Revolution (March) Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) | ||
| 1918 | End of the Great War: Armistice, 11 November Representation of the People Act (4th Reform Bill) gives the vote to all men over twenty-one and women over thirty Influenza pandemic, kills over 20 million people world-wide by 1920 Fisher Education Act raises school-leaving age to fourteen Rutherford splits atom Stopes' Married Love; Parenthood | Joyce's Exiles Thomas' Last Poems | Robert Bridges publishes first edition of Hopkins' poems |
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